CH 2261 - Biochemistry for Life Sciences

• Describe functions of proteins and relate it to structure providing examples of hemoglobin and antibodies
• Describe functions of lipids and relate to its structure, understand role lipids in biomembranes structure and function
• Describe functions of different carbohydrates in animals and plants
• Describe enzymes and how they work, factors affecting enzyme activity, explain enzyme inhibition, describe regulation of enzymes, recognize importance of enzymes in diseases
• Identify nucleotides and nucleosides, describe structure of DNA, outline replication process, describe transcription and translation, explain how genetic code functions, describe mutations
• Describe nutritional requirements, vitamins and minerals, outline stages of metabolism, role of ATP, NAD, FAD coenzymes, describe metabolism of glucose in details, hormonal control of metabolism
• Outline fat metabolism, describe medical conditions of ketonemia, ketonuria, ketosis, ketoacidosis
• Outline protein catablism in terms of fate of amino acids

• None

• Functions of proteins, structure and function of hemoglobin and antibody
• Chemical properties and functions of fats and oils, phosphoglycerides, sphingolipids, trans fatty acids, LDL, HDL, cholesterol, steroids, bile salts, steroid hormones, prostaglandins, functions of lipids in biomembranes
• Chemical properties and functions of carbohydrates (mono, di and polysaccharides) in animals and plants
• Enzyme nomenclature, enzyme co-factors, mechanism of enzyme action, factors affecting enzyme action, enzyme inhibition, enzyme regulation, medical applications of enzymes
• Function of DNA and RNA, DNA replication, transcription, translation, genetic code, mutations and human genetic diseases
• Nutritional requirements, macro and micronutrients, catabolism of food, ATP, NAD, FAD coenzymes, blood glucose, glycolysis, citric acid cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, glycogen metabolism, hormonal regulation of blood glucose
• Blood lipids, beta oxidation of fatty acids, ketone bodies and pathological conditions that cause their overproduction
• Fate of 20 amino acids in protein catabolism

• Experiment #1: Properties of vitamins (439)          
• Experiment #2: Chemistry of amino acids (pg 397)
• Experiment #3: Peptides and Proteins (pg.409)      
• Experiment #4: Tests for carbohydrates-A, B, C, D (pg. 275)        
• Experiment #5: Tests for carbohydrates- C, E & F (pg. 275) & diastase activity             
• Experiment #6: Lipids (pg. 319)                  
• Experiment #7: Enzymes (pg. 423) 
• Experiment #8: Modeling of DNA components & Extraction of DNA (pg. 309)  
• Experiment #9: Biochemical analysis of normal and pathological urine (pg. 477)